Exogenous Ketones
What are Exogenous Ketones?
Exogenous ketones are supplements that may aid in reaching a state of ketosis, where the body primarily burns fats over carbohydrates (1)(3). Achieving ketosis can be challenging due to the restrictive nature of the keto diet. Thus, exogenous ketones could offer an avenue to ketosis without being overly stringent on dietary choices (1). It's crucial to note that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) doesn't regulate the exogenous ketone supplement sector, leaving these products unchecked for safety, purity, or efficacy (1).
Types of Exogenous Ketones
Various types of exogenous ketones are available:
- Ketone esters: Among the most potent exogenous ketones, ketone esters can induce prolonged ketosis compared to other exogenous ketone supplements (1).
- Ketone salts: Comprising a blend of ketones and minerals like sodium, potassium, and magnesium, ketone salts are less potent than esters but have a better taste profile (1).
- Ketone oils: These combine ketones with medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs), offering a palatability similar to ketone salts but with reduced potency (1).
Uses of Exogenous Ketones
Potential health benefits of exogenous ketones include:
- Facilitating ketosis without strict diet adherence (1).
- Boosting athletic performance by serving as an alternative energy reservoir during high-intensity workouts (1).
- Mitigating damage or enhancing cognitive and motor functions in the brain during energy deficits (4).
Dosage
The dosage for exogenous ketones depends on the type of supplement and the user's weight (1). Typically, the recommended dose for ketone salts ranges from 12-24 grams daily, administered orally (3). Treatment duration is generally long-term, contingent on the specific condition (1).
Side Effects
For the most part, exogenous ketones are well-received with minimal side effects (1)(3). However, potential side effects from oral consumption might include gastrointestinal issues, nausea, and diarrhea (1)(3).
Interactions
There's potential for exogenous ketones to interact with particular medications. Hence, it's recommended to seek expert medical advice before co-administering exogenous ketones with other drugs or supplements (1).
Summary:
Exogenous ketones are dietary supplements designed to promote ketosis, a metabolic state where fats are primarily burned for energy. While the keto diet can be restrictive, exogenous ketones might offer a workaround for achieving ketosis without stringent dietary adherence. Available in forms like ketone esters, salts, and oils, they've been researched for potential benefits, including athletic performance enhancement and brain function optimization during energy crises. Generally well-tolerated, some users might experience gastrointestinal disturbances. It's advisable to consult a healthcare professional before mixing exogenous ketones with other medications.
Citations:
(1) https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/326607
(2) https://physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1113/EP090430
(3) https://www.everydayhealth.com/ketogenic-diet/diet/exogenous-ketone-supplements-are-they-safe-they-work/
(4) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8734638/
(5) https://www.amazon.com/Perfect-Keto-Exogenous-Ketones-Beta-Hydroxybutyrate/dp/B01M7XI35O
(6) https://shop.perfectketo.com/products/keto-drink-mix