Cayenne (capsaicin)
What is Cayenne (Capsaicin)?
Cayenne, identified scientifically as Capsicum annuum, is a potent chili pepper extract frequently incorporated in culinary practices (1)(4)(6). This pepper belongs to the Solanaceae family, and it shares kinship with various capsicums, including sweet bell peppers, jalapeΓ±os, poblanos, serranos, and the intensely spicy ghost peppers (4). Capsaicin, a compound inherently present in cayenne, accounts for its fiery taste and exhibits pain-relieving properties (1)(2)(4). Historical accounts suggest Native Americans have capitalized on cayenne both as a dietary staple and medicinal remedy for over 9,000 years (1). Various traditional medical systems, such as Ayurveda in India and traditional Chinese, Japanese, and Korean medicine, have advocated for the oral consumption of cayenne to counteract stomach ailments, appetite suppression, and circulatory issues. Furthermore, it has found external applications to mitigate arthritis and muscle-induced discomfort (1)(2).
Dosage
The stipulated dosage of cayenne hinges on the ailment under treatment as well as individual patient parameters like weight (1). For immediate relief from pain, topical applications frequently employ capsaicin creams with concentrations ranging between 0.025% and 0.075% (2).
Side Effects
In general, cayenne exhibits commendable tolerance, and adverse effects are relatively infrequent (1)(2)(4). Oral consumption may, in isolated cases, instigate gastrointestinal disturbances, including stomach discomfort, diarrhea, constipation, and abdominal cramps (2). Topical application of cayenne or capsaicin creams, while generally safe for short durations, has been implicated in allergic rashes among a few individuals (2)(4).
Interactions
Potential interactions between cayenne and specific drugs, notably anticoagulants, necessitate caution. Similarly, individuals grappling with health conditions like cardiovascular ailments and elevated blood pressure should be judicious with cayenne consumption (2)(4). For those contemplating the concomitant use of cayenne with other medications or supplements, prior consultation with a medical professional is imperative.
Time of Day and With or Without Food
It's generally advised to ingest cayenne supplements in tandem with meals (1).
Human Studies
Research endeavors have been steered towards elucidating the myriad health benefits cayenne might proffer. These include analgesia, enhancement of digestive processes, and facilitation of weight loss (1)(2)(4)(6). Preliminary studies also indicate its potential in safeguarding cardiac health and regulating blood pressure (6). However, a comprehensive understanding of its therapeutic implications necessitates further investigation.
In summation, Cayenne, recognized scientifically as Capsicum annuum, is a fiery chili pepper extract traditionally employed in gastronomy. Its inherent compound, capsaicin, is responsible for its characteristic spiciness and analgesic properties. Historically revered by Native Americans as a dietary and medicinal essential, cayenne has also garnered attention in diverse traditional medicinal systems. The prescribed dosage is contingent on individual patient factors and the condition under treatment. While cayenne is largely well-tolerated, potential side effects and drug interactions mandate prudence. A plethora of studies shed light on cayenne's prospective health benefits, but a comprehensive grasp of its therapeutic potential is still under exploration.
Citations:
(1) https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/herb/cayenne
(2) https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=cayenne-19-Cayenne
(3) https://www.amazon.com/Supplement-Standardized-Capsaicin-Capsules-Manufactured/dp/B01G7TPA3Y
(4) https://www.webmd.com/diet/health-benefits-cayenne-pepper
(5) https://www.medicinenet.com/what_cayenne_pepper_does_to_your_body/article.htm
(6) https://health.clevelandclinic.org/cayenne-pepper-benefits/