Bromelain
What is Bromelain?
Bromelain is a collective term for enzymes predominantly found in pineapples, especially in the fruit's stem and juice (1)(4)(5). Recognized as a proteolytic enzyme, it specializes in protein breakdown (1)(4). Historically, bromelain has been harnessed in Central and South America to address digestive issues and attenuate inflammation (1)(4). Bromelain supplements are available in tablet or capsule form for oral consumption, while its topical variant is utilized by medical professionals in managing severe burns (1).
Dosage
The dosage for bromelain can vary, contingent upon the specific ailment being addressed and the individual's weight (1). A typical dose ranges from 500mg to 2,000mg daily, divided and taken alongside meals (1)(2).
Side Effects
Generally, bromelain exhibits a good tolerability profile with infrequent side effects (1)(2)(4). Oral intake might occasionally lead to gastrointestinal symptoms like stomach discomfort, diarrhea, constipation, or cramping (2). In terms of topical applications, short-term use of bromelain or gel formulations is usually safe, albeit they can trigger allergic reactions in susceptible individuals (2)(4).
Interactions
Concurrent use of bromelain with certain medications, such as antibiotics, anticoagulants, and antiplatelet agents, might lead to interactions (1)(2)(4). Therefore, it's prudent to seek medical advice before co-administering bromelain with other drugs or supplements.
Time of Day and With or Without Food
For optimal efficacy, bromelain supplements should be consumed with meals (1).
Human Studies
Bromelain has been the subject of scientific inquiries for its potential health advantages, especially in alleviating pain and inflammation, primarily in the sinuses, gums, and other body parts post-surgical procedures or injuries (2)(4). Additionally, it's advocated for conditions like osteoarthritis, cancer, gastrointestinal problems, and muscle discomfort (2)(4)(6). Initial studies indicate bromelain's efficacy in eliminating necrotic and injured skin from burns in both pediatric and adult populations (2)(3). However, comprehensive research is requisite to ascertain the full spectrum of its therapeutic utility.
In essence, Bromelain comprises enzymes primarily located in pineapples, especially within the stem and juice. Functioning as a proteolytic enzyme, it facilitates protein degradation. With a history in Central and South America, bromelain was employed to manage digestion and mitigate inflammation. The conventional daily dosage lies between 500mg to 2,000mg, administered with meals. While bromelain is generally well-received, some side effects and potential drug interactions necessitate caution. Although bromelain's therapeutic potential has been a topic of numerous studies, more exhaustive research is mandated to fathom its complete therapeutic promise.
Citations:
(1) https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/supplement/bromelain
(2) https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/bromelain
(3) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3529416/
(4) https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-895/bromelain
(5) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromelain
(6) https://www.verywellhealth.com/bromelain-what-should-you-know-about-it-88318