Amphetamine
What is Amphetamine?
Amphetamine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), narcolepsy, and obesity (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6). It was discovered as a chemical in 1887 by LazΔr Edeleanu, and then as a drug in the late 1920s (1). Amphetamine exists as two enantiomers: levoamphetamine and dextroamphetamine (1). Amphetamine increases monoamine and excitatory neurotransmission in the brain, primarily targeting the norepinephrine and dopamine neurotransmitter systems (1).
Dosage
The dosage of amphetamine varies based on the condition being treated and the patient's weight (1) (5). The standard dose for ADHD is 5-60 mg per day, administered in divided doses (1). The standard dose for narcolepsy is 5-60 mg per day, given in divided doses or as a single morning dose (1).
Side Effects
Common side effects of amphetamine encompass decreased appetite, insomnia, stomach pain, headache, and dry mouth (1) (2) (4) (5) (6). These side effects typically are mild and subside within a few days. In rare cases, amphetamine can result in severe side effects such as chest pain, heart palpitations, and breathing difficulties (1).
Interactions
Amphetamine can interact with various medications, including other stimulants, which can augment the risk of side effects (5). Prior consultation with a medical professional is advised before mixing amphetamine with other medications or supplements.
Time of Day and With or Without Food
Amphetamine can be consumed at any time of day and can be taken with or without food (1).
Human Studies
Extensive human studies have demonstrated amphetamine's efficacy in treating ADHD, narcolepsy, and obesity (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6). It is generally well-tolerated, with side effects typically being mild and resolving within several days (1) (2) (4) (5) (6).
In summary, Amphetamine is a CNS stimulant prescribed for ADHD, narcolepsy, and obesity treatment. The recommended dosage is dependent on the specific condition and patient's weight. Amphetamine's efficacy in treating various conditions has been confirmed through comprehensive human studies. Typically, side effects are mild and temporary, but amphetamine can interact with other medications, particularly other stimulants.
Citations:
(1) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphetamine
(2) https://www.dea.gov/factsheets/amphetamines
(3) https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/amphetamines
(4) https://adf.org.au/drug-facts/amphetamines/
(5) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556103/
(6) https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/drugs/23039-amphetamines