What to know about chronic fatigue syndrome
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Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) Overview
Definition and Prevalence
- Chronic illness affecting the whole body, causing pain and extreme fatigue.
- Prevalence: Between 836,000 and 2.5 million people in the US are affected, many undiagnosed.
Symptoms
- Primary symptoms: Fatigue and headaches.
- Secondary symptoms: Anxiety and depression.
- Note: High stress levels are commonly associated with these symptoms.
Causes and Risk Factors
- Onset: Often follows a health issue such as flu, infection, or physical stress.
- Demographics: More common in females and can occasionally affect children.
- Immune System: Potential link to immune system functioning, though research is ongoing.
Diagnosis
- Process: Involves discussing symptoms, physical examination, and various tests to identify potential causes.
- Criteria: Presence of three core symptoms for over 6 months without any other explanatory diagnosis.
- Development: Research is underway to develop diagnostic tests based on molecular changes and blood cell features.
Treatment
- Current Approach: No specific cure; treatment focuses on managing individual symptoms.
- Pain Management: Includes over-the-counter drugs, and if necessary, stronger medications, and non-drug therapies such as gentle exercises and massages.
- Mental Health: Addressing associated anxiety and depression through medications and lifestyle remedies.
Management Strategies
- Activity Management: Balancing rest and activity to manage post-exertional malaise (PEM).
- Sleep: Establishing healthy sleep habits, with medication as a potential aid.
- Lifestyle Tips: Seeking understanding healthcare providers, counseling, and maintaining a balanced diet, among other strategies.
Experimental Treatments
- Rituximab: A cancer drug being explored for its potential effectiveness in treating ME-CFS, requiring further research.
Advice on Exercise
- Gentle Exercises: Activities like yoga and tai chi might be beneficial.
- Caution: Vigorous exercises can worsen symptoms; any exercise plan should be discussed with a doctor.
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